日 本 研 究 员 创 全 球 先 河 ， 把 人 类 干 细 胞 植 入 大 白 鼠 胚 胎 以 培 育 人 体 肾 脏 组 织 ， 这 项 

研 究 成 果 或 有 助 解 决 「 移 植 用 肾 脏 」 供 应 不 足 的 问 题 。 

有 助 解 决 捐 肾 救 命 问 题 

        东 京 慈 惠 会 医 科 大 学 和 自 治 医 科 大 学 的 研 究 人 员 从 人 体 骨 髓 液 中 提 取 干 细 胞 ， 植 入 

十 一 天 半 大 之 大 白 鼠 胚 胎 内 可 能 长 出 肾 脏 的 部 位 。 两 天 后 ， 人 体 干 细 胞 就 可 发 展 为 

具 备 尿 液 过 滤 功 能 的 丝 球 体 和 尿 细 管 ， 研 究 员 把 其 移 植 至 其 他 大 白 鼠 腹 腔 中 覆 盖 腹

 部 器 官 的 「 大 网 膜 」 内 ， 新 的 血 管 朝  丝 球 体 方 向 延 伸 ， 植 入 组 织 最 终 发 育 成 只 有 普 

通 大 白 鼠 肾 脏 十 分 之 一 大 小 的 人 体 肾 脏 组 织 。  

        研 究 员 希 望 日 后 把 患 有 严 重 肾 病 病 人 之 骨 髓 干 细 胞 植 入 猪 等 体 格 较 大 动 物 的 胚 胎  ， 

在 干 细 胞 发 展 成 人 类 肾 脏 组 织 后 把 其 植 回 病 人 体 内 ， 以 恢 复 病 人 的 尿 液 过 滤 功 能 ，

 免 除 洗 肾 之 苦 ， 亦 毋 须 等 候 他 人 捐 肾 救 命 。 不 过 ， 这 项 培 植 仍 需 解 决 怎 样 避 免 受 到 

异 种 动 物 体 内 病 毒 感 染 的 问 题